Although not actually ants, and are even prey to certain ants, these insects are commonly called ‘white ants’ because of their appearance. Termites are known to feed on soil, leaf litter, wooden structures and furniture, which can result to huge damages to property if left unmanaged. A good number of its species are usually found in tropical regions, including Australia, while some are spread out in temperate areas. Read more about Termites here.
Cockroaches are scavengers that are often seen indoors. They are also one of the fastest running insects, feeding mostly during the night. They can feed on human food, soap, dead insects, certain species and even digest wood. These creatures use their antennae and sensory bristles for finding food and can avoid threats with their ability to sense the changes in the air current. In Australia, there are over 420 species out of 4000 species of cockroaches. Many of the species found in Australia belong to the Blattidae family, which mostly consists of common household cockroaches. Read more about cockroaches here.
Spiders are arthropods (invertebrates), which commonly have eight legs. With the use of their spinnerets and silk glands in their abdomen, they are able to create webs. Spiders are predators, feeding on other insects, using their fangs to inject venom into their prey and trapping their prey with silk. In many instances, more than pests, spiders also cause phobia. Read more about spiders here.
Almost too familiar to need description, mature female redbacks are jet black spiders with a variable red stripe on the back of their spherical abdomen. Their tough, untidy webs are usually near the ground with the spider hiding in a shelter in a corner, often guarding her round woolly egg sacs. Immature females are smaller, usually brown with whitish markings. Males are rarely seen; they are small and brown with red and white markings. Read more about redback spiders here.
Ants are insects that live in nests mostly constructed from soil and plant matter. These insects carefully choose the location where they will build their nest, often constructing in trees or the ground. If their habitat is threatened, they can quickly leave and abandon their home. Inside homes, they can create nests under movable carpets, in walls, furnaces and mostly near moist areas. There are more than 1,200 species of ants present in Australia. Read more about ants here.
Certain species of rodents are agricultural pests in Australia. The house mice are most common in residential structures, storages and sheds, as well as agricultural areas. They can also multiply to large numbers and cause vast destruction, especially to crops. The black rats are found in tropical and temperate regions, usually dwelling in industrialised areas, commonly on the upper storeys. Both house mice and black rats can be disease-carriers. Read more about rodents here.
Fleas are small, wingless, bloodsucking insects. Only about 90 species out of more than 2,300 flea species can be found in Australia. Some of these species are also native to Australia and come from the iopsyllidae family. Fleas are parasites that feed on the blood of their hosts. These can be cats, dogs, poultry, livestock or even humans. Read more about fleas here.
Fire ants are dangerous, imported pests that could spread to large areas of Australia. Fire ants could severely damage the environment, our outdoor lifestyle, and the agriculture and tourism industries. They inflict a painful, fiery sting, which can, in rare cases, cause a severe acute allergic reaction (anaphylaxis).
Lice are parasitic insects that are mostly very small and wingless. They can infest humans and animals, such as cattle, dogs, hogs and horses. Different types of lice either suck blood from the host, or feed on the feather or skin of animals. In humans, they can infest the hairs in the head and pubic region. The eggs can be found in the hair strands or the seams of clothes.
Silverfish are wingless insects that can move swiftly. They feed on books, paper, starchy clothing and other starchy materials. Their bodies have bristles and are made up of silvery scales. In Australia, there are 28 species of silverfish from two families which can be found in many households. One of the families consists of the eyeless silverfish. Read more about silverfish here.
Mosquitoes are two-winged insects that have one of the largest orders in the world, consisting of about 2,000 species worldwide. Female mosquitoes bite warm-blooded animals and lay eggs in the water. Their bite can leave salivary fluid into the wound, which can also transmit diseases. Read more about spiders here.
Carpet beetles feed on materials of animal origin, resulting in damage to furnishings, fabrics and carpets. They may also destroy clothing, especially those made of fur, silk, feather, wool or bristles. These insects usually live in habitats of other insects and animals, laying their eggs in crevices or cracks in the floor under the carpet. Carpet beetles also feed on pollen, that is why bringing in cut flowers with these beetles can mean infestation. Read more about carpet beetles here.
Clothes moths, as their name suggests, can cause damage to your clothing as they attack woollen materials, furs and fabrics. The most common among the clothes moth species are the webbing clothes moth, which spins a webbing of silk on its food, and the casemaking clothes moth whose larvae is enclosed in a case made up of its food material. Read more about clothes moths here.
Wood borers are insects which damage wood by tunnelling at the larval (grub) stage for food or leaving an emergence hole on the surface of the wood after becoming an adult (beetle). These emergence holes (‘pin holes’) are quite visible and are usually the first signs of an active infestation of wood borers. Read more here.
The fruiting bodies of wood decay fungi vary in size, shape and colour. The type of fungi encountered by building inspectors and pest controllers usually reside in poorly ventilated sub-floors, below wet areas of the home, exterior timbers and in areas that retain water in the soil. The durability and type of timbers are factors along with the temperature and environment. Destruction of affected timbers varies with the symptoms involved.
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